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Description
The monoclonal antibody CK-BYK/21E10 recognizes human creatine kinase B-type, also known as CKB. Human CKB is a protein of 381 amino acids (~45 kDa), expressed in a number of tissues. CKB is most abundant in adult brain, approx. 5-fold lower in the stomach, 10-fold lower in the heart and barely detectable in liver. In brain, whereas most CKB has been shown to be cytosolic, several of the reactions requiring CKB are membrane-associated. CKB belongs to the creatine kinase (CK) isoenzymes that catalyse the synthesis of phosphocreatine (PCr) and its subsequent use in the regeneration of ATP in cell types where the consumption of ATP is rapid and/or sudden. In the brain the different CK isoforms constitute an energy shuttle wherein ATP produced in the mitochondria is used by a mitochondrial CK [e.g. ubiquitous mitochondrial creatine kinase (uMi-CK)] to generate PCr, which is then transported and used by a cytoplasmic CK [e.g. brain creatine kinase (CKB)] to regenerate ATP at discrete cellular sites of high ATP turnover. CKB appears to have a role in regenerating ATP needed for the transport of ions and neurotransmitters since CKB has been localized to brain synaptic plasma membranes, possibly coupled to Na+/K+-ATPase and acetylcholine receptor-rich membranes. Expression of CKB is developmentally controlled: in rat, brain CKB protein at birth is extremely low and increases 10-fold until week 4. This reflects the many energy-demanding processes in brain during brain development. Aliases Creatine kinase B chain, B-CK, BB-CK Immunogen Synthetic 17-mer peptide corresponding to the N-terminal sequence of human creatine kinase brain- type (SNSHNALKLRFPAEDEF)