The SBE Luciferase Reporter cell line is a stably transfected HEK 293 cell line which expresses Renilla luciferase reporter gene under the transcriptional control of the smad binding element (SBE). SMADs are intracellular signaling mediators that transduce extracellular signals from transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) ligands to the nucleus where they activate downstream gene transcription. The TGF-beta signaling pathway is involved in many cellular processes in both the adult organism and the developing embryo including cell growth, cell differentiation, apoptosis, cellular homeostasis and other cellular functions.