A terpene with diverse biological activities; it inhibits DMPP-induced norepinephrine secretion and cytosolic calcium and sodium increases in chromaffin cells (IC50s = 70, 88, and 19 μM, respectively); induces proliferation of and increases expression of collagen IA, collagen IIIA, collagen IVA, and elastin in human primary dermal fibroblasts from 65-260 μM; increases expression of collagen IA, collagen IIIA, collagen IVA, and elastin in skin in UV-exposed mice at 26 and 55 mM in drinking water post UV-exposure; reduces cough frequency in citric acid-challenged guinea pigs; reduces digging activity and induces mortality in fire ant workers; has been used as a building block in the synthesis of cannabinergic ligands