An antioxidant; inhibits lipid peroxidation by 98 and 40% when used at concentrations of 10 and 1 μM, respectively, in rat liver microsomes; activates NRF2 by enhancing its nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity, increasing the expression of the antioxidant-related enzymes NQO1 and HMOX1 in A549 human lung epithelial cells; reduces fibrosis and the level of fibrotic markers in liver and primary hepatocytes, respectively, in a rat model of liver cirrhosis; decreases the incidence of hepatocellular adenomas and hemangiosarcomas in a rat model, but increases the incidence of forestomach carcinoma