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Description
Botulinum neurotoxin type B (BoNT/B) is produced by Clostridium botulinum, a genetically diverse class of anaerobic, spore-forming, gram-positive bacilli. Seven different botulinum toxin groups have been identified serologically and are called botulinum toxin type A,B,C,D,E,F, and G. BoNT/B is a two-chain polypeptide with a 100-kDa heavy chain, which is responsible for neurospecific binding joined by a disulphide bond to a 50-kDa light chain, a zinc-endopeptidase which blocks neurotransmitter release. BoNT/B is one of the most poisonous naturally occurring substances. It inhibits acetylcholine release from neuromuscular junctions while it is used as an important therapeutic mainstay in the treatment of spasticity disorders and as a cosmetic treatment.