Human Interferon gamma (hIFN-gamma) is amacrophage-activating factor and the lone member of Interferon type II. The active form of IFN-gamma is an antiparallel dimer that interacts with the receptor IFN-gamma R1 and sets off IFN-gamma/JAK/STAT pathway. IFN-gamma signaling does diverse biological functions primarily related to host defense and immune regulation, including antiviral and antibacterial defense, apoptosis, inflammation, and innate and acquired immunity. While IFN-gamma induced inflammatory cascade summons a variety of immune-related cell types, such as macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), IFN-gamma is also implicated in resistance to NK cell and CTL responses and in immune escape in a variety of cancers.Synonyms: Immune Interferon, type II interferon, T cell interferon, MAF