A natural apocarotenoid with diverse biological activities; scavenges DPPH radicals (IC50 = 17.8 μg/ml); inhibits growth of MKN28 stomach, MCF-7 breast, and Caco-2 colon cancer cell lines (IC50s = 53, 63, and 103 μM, respectively); protects primary rat microglial cells from LPS-induced death and decreases LPS-induced production of intracellular ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB (20 μM); increases GSH, CAT, CK, and LDH levels in cardiac tissue in a rat model of isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction (100 mg/kg); increases the pressure threshold and reaction time to mechanical and thermal allodynia, respectively, in mice with spared nerve injury (30 mg/kg, intrathecal)