An iridoid glycoside; has anti-apoptotic, pro-angiogenic, and radioprotective properties; protects against mitochondrial pathway-dependent apoptosis in PC12 rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells and H9c2 rat embryonic ventricular myocardial cells at a concentration of 10 μM; pretreatment at concentrations of 25-100 μg/ml reduces apoptosis and improves viability in AHH-1 human lymphocyte cells exposed to ionizing radiation; reduces radiation-induced intestinal damage in mice pretreated at doses of 25-100 mg/kg, i.p.; improves angiogenesis in a rat model of stroke by increasing erythropoietin and VEGF expression in the brain at a dose of 5 mg/kg, i.p.