Purity >99%. (±)-Salsolinol is a metabolite of ethanol produced by the condensation of dopamine with acetaldehyde in the brain. It is thought to contribute to some aspects of alcohol's addictive properties in part through its ability to stimulate dopamineric neurons in the posterior ventral tegmental area of the brain. At 0.1 μM, (±)-salsolinol has been shown to: a) depolarize dopamineric neurons, which increases their firing rate; b) activate μ-opioid receptors on GABAergic neurons, which disinhibits dopamineric neurons; and c) activate dopamine1-like receptors, which enhances pre-synaptic glutamate transmission to dopamineric neurons.