An antibiotic; active against various bacterial strains, including M. tuberculosis, and trypanosomes; inhibits proliferation of EBV-transformed cells, activates the c-Myc and NF-κB pathways in vitro, and induces necrotic cell death in gammaherpes virus-infected B cells; protective against bacterial leaf blight in rice plants (100-200 ppm); inhibits α-ketoglutarate in X. oryzae (1 ppm)