A ginsenoside that has diverse biological activities; inhibits the growth of HeLa and MS751 cervical cancer cells (IC50s = ~2.5-10 μM) and induces apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner; inhibits LPS-induced increases in IL-1β, TNF-α, COX-2, and iNOS protein levels in murine alveolar macrophages at 5 and 10 μM; inhibits LPS-induced increases in the number of neutrophils and protein levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, COX-2, and iNOS in lung in a mouse model of acute lung inflammation at 10 mg/kg; blocks STZ-induced increases in amyloid-β accumulation in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex and prevents STZ-induced decreases in step-through latency time in a passive avoidance foot-shock test in a rat model of STZ-induced Alzheimer's disease ,,