Interleukin-17 is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by activated T cells. IL-17 regulates the activities of NF-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinases. IL17 can stimulate the expression of IL6 and cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2/COX-2), as well as enhance the production of nitric oxide (NO). High levels of IL-17 are associated with several chronic inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and multiple sclerosis. IL-17F is a member of the IL-17 family of structurally-related cytokines. The six known members of this family, IL-17A through IL-17F, are secreted as homodimers. IL-17F stimulates proliferation and activation of T-cells and PBMCs. IL-17F also regulates cartilage matrix turnover and inhibits angiogenesis. MW: 38