As a T-cell independent carrier (TI carrier), coupling Ficoll with haptens has been shown to produce robust antigen-specific primary immune memory1. Our method for amino functionalization yields stable primary amine groups. We carefully control the amine:polymer ratio and process to remove excess amine reagent. Custom Ficoll preparations are available upon request. GE Healthcare's trademark Ficoll is a highly branched, 400kDa, hydrophilic polysaccharide widely used for blood separation.