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Description
Erythropoietin receptor (Epo-R) belongs to the cytokine receptor family and is a 507 amino acid type I transmembrane protein. EpoR pre-exists as dimers which changes the homodimerized state after binding of its 34 kDa ligand erythropoietin (Epo). Erythropoietin is the primary regulator of erythropoiesis, and promotes the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells. Both, Epo and Epo-R are essential for the production of red blood cells due to Epo exerts its function through the Epo receptor. The Epo-R is also expressed in many organs outside the bone marrow, suggesting that Epo is a pleiotropic anti-apoptotic factor. Signaling pathways have been shown to influence numerous cellular functions in normal and tumor cells, including proliferation, apoptosis, and drug resistance.