Sphingosine Bases Analysis Service Sphingoid bases are long-chain aliphatic compounds possessing an acyclic carbon skeleton typically with a 2-amino-1,3-diol functionality. The main sphingoid bases of mammalian tissues are sphingosine (2S,3R-d-erythro-2-amino-1,3-octadec-4E-ene-diol), sphinganine (2S,3R-d-erythro-2-amino-1,3-octadecane diol) and 4-hydroxy-sphinganine (2S,3S,4R-erythro-2-amino-1,3,4-octadecane triol). In yeast, the main sphingoid bases are dihydrosphingosine and phytosphingosine.