The Eagle Biosciences Human Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) ELISA Assay Kit employs the quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. A monoclonal antibody specific for MCP-1 has been pre-coated onto a microplate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any MCP-1 present is bound by the immobilized antibody. Following incubation unbound samples are removed during a wash step, and then a detection antibody specific for MCP-1 is added to the wells and binds to the combination of capture antibody-MCP-1 in sample. Following a wash to remove any unbound combination, and enzyme conjugate is added to the wells. Following incubation and wash steps a substrate is added. A colored product is formed in proportion to the amount of MCP-1 present in the sample. The reaction is terminated by addition of acid and absorbance is measured at 450nm. A standard curve is prepared from seven MCP-1 standard dilutions and MCP-1 sample concentration determined. Sample Types: serum, plasma, cell culture. Range: 31.25 - 2000 pg/ml. Sensitivity: 15 pg/ml. Time: 3.5 hours ? Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) called also monocyte chemotactic protein-1. MCP-1 is an 8.6kDa protein and belongs to the family of chemotactic cytokines known as Chemokines. MCP-1 is expressed by monocytes, vascular endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, glomerular mesangial cell, osteoblastic cells, and human pulmonary type-2-like epithelial cells in culture. MCP-1 exhibits chemotactic activity for monocytes/macrophages, basophils, T lymphocytes, particularly memory T cells and natural killer cells and neural stem cells. Elevated levels of MCP-1 are detected during inflammation and immune responses. MCP-1 activity is also important in wound healing as shown by delayed wound repair in MCP-1deficient mice. MCP-1 is implicated in the pathogenesis of disease states that involve monocyte/macrophage infiltrates, such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and recruitment of monocytes to the arterial wall in atherosclerosis. In addition to its chemotactic function, MCP-1 also induces the expression of IL-10 from macrophages, which favors a TH2 immune response. MCP-1 is a glycopeptide containing one potential N-linked glycosylation site. The extent of MCP-1 glycosylation influences its chemotactic potency and half-life in vivo.