Recombinant Human IL-1R2-Fc Chimera (carrier-free)
Description
IL-1α and IL-1β both play key roles in inflammatory responses. IL-1 binds to its receptor IL-1R1 and co-receptor IL-1RAcP (IL-1 receptor accessory protein, IL-R3), activating the downstream signaling. There are natural antagonists to negatively regulate the IL-1 signaling. IL-1Ra is an antagonist and inhibits IL-1-induced responses through interacting with IL-1R1, preventing IL-1 binding. The second endogenous antagonist is IL-1R2. IL-1R2, a member of IL-1 receptor family, acts as a decoy receptor by preventing IL-1 binding to IL-1R1. IL-1R2 is structurally similar to IL-R1, but it cannot transduce signaling due to the absence of Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain in the cytoplasmic region, which is responsible for the recruitment of adaptor protein MyD88. IL-1R2 contains two isoforms, membrane-bound and soluble form. Membrane form IL-1R2 interacts with IL-1 and competes with IL-1R1. Soluble IL-1R2 is produced by alternative splicing; in addition, some evidence has shown that membrane IL-1R2 is cleaved by TACE metalloproteinase (TNF-α-converting enzyme) and ARTS-1 (aminopeptidase regulator of TNFR1 shedding), releasing soluble IL-1R2 from cell surface. Soluble IL-1RAcP, generated by alternative splicing, enhances soluble IL-1R2-mediated inhibition of IL-1 activity. Additionally, intracellular IL-1R2 can bind to pro-IL-1β and IL-1α precursors in the cytosol, preventing IL-1 maturation by caspase-1. Some studies demonstrated that IL-1R2 shows higher preference to IL-1β over IL-1α and IL-1Ra. Previous reports indicated that IL-4, IL-13 and dexamethasone induce the expression and release of IL-R2 in polymorphonuclear cells. In addition, LPS, TNF, reactive oxygen species and phorbol ester stimulate the release of IL-1R2 rapidly within minutes.
Size
25 μg
Concentration
n/a
Applications
BA
Other Names
Interleukin-1 receptor type 2, IL-1R2, IL1R2, IL-1R-2, IL-1RT-2, IL-1RT2, CD121 antigen-like family member B, CDw121b, IL-1 type II receptor, interleukin-1 receptor beta (IL-1R-beta), CD121b