Purity >94%. Lithocholic acid is a secondary bile acid that has been shown to cause cholestasis in animal models and has also been implicated in carcinogenesis. It is produced from chenodeoxycholic acid by bacterial action in the colon and can be conjugated with glycine or taurine. Whereas in normal colonic epithelium lithocholic acid promotes apoptosis, it has been shown to suppress apoptosis in pre-malignant colonic epithelium in the presence of a carcinogen. Lithocholic acid can activate the pregnane X receptor and the vitamin D receptor, which may serve as a biological sensor to regulate lithocholic acid-induced toxicity.