In the Estriol Saliva ELISA Assay Kit, the (Antigens) in the sample competes with the Antigensic Estriol conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for binding to the limited number of antibodies anti Estriol coated on the microplate (solid phase). After incubation, the bound/free separation is performed by a simple solid-phase washing. Then, the enzyme HRP in the bound-fraction reacts with the Substrate (H2O2) and the TMB Substrate and develops a blue color that changes into yellow when the Stop Solution (H2SO4) is added. The color intensity is inversely proportional to the Estriol concentration in the sample. Estriol concentration in the sample is calculated through a calibration curve. Sample Types: saliva. Range: 1 - 100 pg/ml. Sensitivity: 0.5 pg/ml. Time: 2.5 hours ? Estriol (also Oestriol) is one of the three main estrogens produced by the human body. It is only produced in significant amounts during pregnancy as it is made by the fetus. During pregnancy the production of estriol depends on an intact maternal-placental-fetal unit. Fetal-placental production of estriol leads to a progressive rise in maternal circulating levels reaching a late-gestational peak several orders of magnitude greater than non-pregnant levels. In the maternal circulation, estriol undergoes a rapid conjugation in the liver followed by urinary excretion with a half-life of about 20 minutes. Since normal estriol production depends on an intact maternal-placental-fetal circulation and functional fetal metabolism, maternal estriol levels have been used to monitor fetal status during pregnancy, particularly during the third trimester. DHEA-S is produced by the adrenal cortex of the fetus, this is converted to estriol by the placenta. If levels are abnormally low in a pregnant woman, this may indicate a problem with the development in the child.