Purity >98%. (±)-para- Octopamine ((±)-p- Octopamine) is an endogenous biogenic amine commonly found in invertebrates. Structurally similar to norepinephrine, (±)-p- octopamine activates adrenergic-like receptors and evokes effects, in invertebrates, that parallel those of norepinephrine and epinephrine in mammals. In humans, (±)-p- octopamine is considered a trace amine which may interfere with aminergic pathways as well as signal through trace amine-associated receptors.