An inducer of Aβ42; selectively increases extracellular Aβ42 over Aβ40 production in N2a-AβPP695 cells from 1 to 100 mM; increases hippocampal Aβ42 content, lipid peroxidation, and production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in mice from 3-20 nmol/animal; induces spatial working and spatial reference memory deficits in mice