The active metabolite of ramipril, an ACE inhibitor (pKi = 9.08 in human heart) that suppresses the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and the degradation of bradykinin, thereby preventing vasoconstriction; interferes with the targeting of B2 kinin receptors to endothelial cell membranes; inhibits MMP-3 and MMP-9 activity in isolated Crohn's disease fistulas