An alkaloid with diverse biological activities; induces autophagy and decreases viability of Huh7.5 cells in a concentration-dependent manner; cytotoxic to HepG2 cells (IC20 = 0.66 mM); dietary administration induces sex-linked recessive lethality in male Drosophila; increases the activity of epoxide hydrase and glutathione-S-transferase and decreases activity of cytochrome P450 and aminopyrine demethylase in rat liver at 80 mg/kg