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Description
Autophagy is the process by which endogenous proteins and damaged organelles are destroyed intracellularly.autophagy is postulated to be essential for cell homeostasis and cell remodeling during differentiation, metamorphosis, non-apoptotic cell death, and aging. Reduced levels ofautophagy have been described in some malignant tumors, and a role forautophagy in controlling the unregulated cell growth linked to cancer has been proposed. The encoded protein is also designated as a member of the C-54 family of cysteine proteases.Function: Cysteine protease required forautophagy, which cleaves the C-terminal part of either MAP1LC3, GABARAPL2 or GABARAP, allowing the liberation of form I. A subpopulation of form I is subsequently converted to a smaller form (form II). Form II, with a revealed C-terminal glycine, is considered to be the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)-conjugated form, and has the capacity for the binding to autophagosomes.Enzyme regulation: Inhibited by N-ethylmaleimideSubcellular location: CytoplasmTissue specificity: Mainly expressed in skeletal muscle and, to a lower extent, in testis. Also known as: Cysteine protease ATG4D,autophagy-related protein 4 homolog D Autophagin-4,autophagy-related cysteine endopeptidase 4, AUT-like 4 cysteine endopeptidase, APG4D, AUTL4, ATG4DThis gene encodes a member of the autophagin protein family..
Immunogen
A synthetic peptide from human ATG4D conjugated to an immunogenic carrier protein has been used as the antigen.