Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 16 (CXCL16) (Active) protein
Description
Mouse CXCL16 is a nonELR motif including CXC chemokine with a transmembrane domain. Mouse CXCL16 cDNA encodes a 246 AA precursor protein with a putative 26 AA residue signal peptide, an 88 AA residue chemokine domain, an 87 AA residue mucinlike spacer region, a 22 AA residue transmembrane domain, and a 23 AA residue cytoplasmic tail. CXCL16 induces a strong chemotactic response and calcium mobilization. Furthermore, CXCL16 acts as a scavenger receptor on macrophages, which specifically binds to OxLDL (oxidized low density lipoprotein), suggesting that it may be involved in pathophysiology such as atherogenesis. Mouse CXCL16 is generated by dendritic cells in lymphoid organ T cell zones as well as by cells in the splenic red pulp both as membranebound and soluble forms. CXCR6/Bonzo (STRL33 and TYMSTR) is the receptor for CXCL16. CXCL16 is expressed in the spleen, lymph nodes, and Peyer patches. It is also expressed in non-lymphoid tissues such as lung, kidney, small intestine, and thymus, with weak expression in heart and liver and no expression in brain and purified B- and T-cells.CXCL16 deficiency is linked to breast cancer progression. In addition, CXCL16 is involved in immunological liver injury by regulating T lymphocyte infiltration in liver tissue. Furtheremore, CXCL16 has a distinctive role in the maintenance of cardiac allograft tolerance mediated by natural killer T cells. Moreover, CXCL16 has a significant role in not only the production of IFN-gamma by NKT cells, but also promotion of Th1-inclined immune responses mediated by NKT cells Synonyms: C-X-C motif chemokine 16, Small-inducible cytokine B16, Transmembrane chemokine CXCL16, Scavenger receptor for phosphatidylserine and oxidized low density lipoprotein, SR-PSOX, Cxcl16, Srpsox, Zmynd15, AV290116, BB024863, 0910001K24Rik