BMP-4 is a member of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family of cytokines, which belong to the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily. BMP-4 plays a crucial function in the chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as in the maintenance of adult cartilage and bone. Binding of BMP-4 to the BMPR-I/BMPR-II receptor complex was reported to activate several signaling pathways, such as the Smad, the MAPK, the PI3K/Akt, and the Wnt pathways, which are involved in bone formation, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. Genetic defects in BMP-4 have been associated with microphthalmia and orofacial cleft.
Size
10 μg
Concentration
n/a
Applications
BA
Other Names
Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), Bone morphogenetic protein 2B (BMP-2B)