RANTES is a CC chemokine and directs the migration of leukocytes in immune and inflammatory responses. Increased CCL5/RANTES expression has been associated with a wide range of inflammatory disorders and pathologies. This cytokine has been associated as well with the induction or promotion of cancer (prostate and breast). In the latter situation, RANTES can be angiogenic and also increase the metastatic potential of cancer cells by encouraging cellular migration to sites of its production. CCL5/RANTES also inhibits HIV-1 entry and infection by competing with the virus for CCR5 binding.