IL-1β is a proinflammatory cytokine produced in a variety of cells including monocytes, tissue macrophages, keratinocytes and other epithelial cells. Both IL-1α and IL-1β binds to the same receptor and has similar biological properties. These cytokines have a broad range of activities including, stimulation of thymocyte proliferation, B-cell maturation and proliferation, mitogenic FGF-like activity and stimulation of the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells. However, whereas IL-1β is a secreted cytokine, IL-1α is predominantly a cell-associated cytokine. Recombinant rat IL-1β is a 17.4 kDa protein containing 153 amino acid residues. MW: 17.3 kDa. Purity ≥98%