Optimally infected monolayers are harvested, disrupted by sonication and then subjected to low speed centrifugation. The clarified cell lysate is pooled with supernatant from the infected culture and concentrated using crossflow ultrafiltration with a 30,000 molecular weight cut-off. Parainfluenza viruses' causes lower respiratory tract infections in children. Parainfluenza viruses are membrane-bound single-stranded RNA viruses and part of the family Paramyxoviridae. Four serotypes, designated 1, 2, 3 and 4 are recognized. Types 1 and 2 generally induce laryngotracheobronchitis but occasionally cause pneumonitis. Source: Parainfluenza, strain C243, from Vero cells Applications: Suitable for use in both IgG and IgM detection in assays which include EIA with polystyrene and latex solid phases. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Inactivation: Gaamma radiation and this inactivation verified using a sensitive tissue culture based infectivity assay.