A potent JNK inhibitor (IC50s = 61, 7, and 6 nM for JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3, respectively); selective for MAP kinases; selective for JNKs over other MAPK family proteins (IC50s = 3,400 and 480 nM for p38α and ERK1, respectively); inhibits JNK in a cell lysate assay (IC50 = 200 nM); blocks phosphorylation of c-Jun in LPS-stimulated human PBMCs; inhibits TNF-α production induced by LPS when administered to rats at doses of 10 and 30 mg/kg; reduces lung fibrosis in a mouse pulmonary fibrosis model,