Hydroxyproline ((2S,4R)-4-hydroxyproline, Hyp) is a nonproteinogenic amino acid formed by the enzyme prolyl-4-hydroxylase, which catalizes the post-translational modification of polypeptide proline residues following protein synthesis. In animals, hydroxyproline is found almost entirely in collagen, which contains approximately 12-14% hydroxyproline by mass (the fibrilous protein elastin also contains small quantities of hydroxyproline). Hydroxyproline in tissue hydrolysates is thus a direct measure of the amount of collagen present. Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals and many diseases are believed to affect collagen turnover, including tumor invasion and metastasis, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiopulmonary fibrosis and muscular
Size
100 Reactions
Concentration
n/a
Applications
Estimation of hydroxyproline concentration in various biological samples