A potent and selective LPA1 receptor antagonist (IC50 = 17 nM); selective for LPA1 over the LPA2, LPA3, LPA4, and LPA5 receptors (IC50s = 1,700, 1,600, 7,700, and 8,600 nM for LPA2-5, respectively); inhibits LPA-induced lung fibroblast cell chemotaxis (IC50 = 181 nM); reduces inflammation, tissue fibrosis, and vascular permeability in mice at a dose of 30 mg/kg following bleomycin-induced lung injury; blocks amitriptyline-induced ERK1/2, CREB, and IGF-IR phosphorylation in vitro