FGF-10 is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family and also belongs to the FGF-7 subfamily. The mitogenic activity of FGF-10 is similar to that of FGF-7. It has no mitogenic activity for NIH/3T3 cells. FGF-10 acts as a paracrine growth factor and plays multiple roles in organogenesis. FGF-10 is essential for embryonic lung branching morphogenesis. During embryonic lung development, FGF-10 is expressed in the distal mesenchyme and acts on the distal lung epithelial progenitors to prevent them from differentiating into proximal epithelial cells by inducing Sox9 and repressing Sox2 expression. FGF-10 knockout mice die at birth due to lack of lung and limb formation. FGF-10 takes an important role in adult lung repair and its regulation is critical for the amplification of epithelial progenitors. FGF-10 also controls adipocyte differentiation by inhibiting C/EBPβ. The development of embryonic white adipocyte tissue of FGF-10 knockout mice is greatly impaired. In addition, FGF-10 participates in the development of pancreas, stomach, skin, hair follicle, as well as wound healing. Increased expression of FGF-10 and the receptor FGFR2-IIIb are associated with several diseases such as prostate, breast, pancreas, and colorectal cancer, which suggests a role of FGF-10 in carcinogenesis.